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Trade and regulation
We help seafood businesses respond to issues and opportunities impacting trade. Get support with importing, exporting and other regulations. -
UK exit from the EU
Brexit has changed how we trade, fish and work with the EU. Find practical support and guidance to help your business understand the rules. -
Seafood trade under the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement
The EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement means new rules on how we trade seafood with the EU. This affects customs, tariffs, VAT and labelling. -
I import seafood to Great Britain
Information and guidance on importing seafood from the EU to the UK from 1 January 2021 including labelling, customs and tariffs and documentation. -
Seafood import customs, tariffs and VAT
Explanation of new customs, tariffs and VAT rules for businesses moving seafood to Great Britain from the EU. -
Seafood imports under the Border Target Operating Model (BTOM)
UK Government has released the final Border Target Operating Model (BTOM). We’ve summarised how it will impact seafood imports into Great Britain. -
I export seafood from Great Britain
Information and guidance on exporting seafood from the UK to the EU including labelling, customs and tariffs and documentation. -
Seafood export customs, tariffs and VAT
Explanation of new customs, tariffs and VAT rules for businesses moving seafood from Great Britain to the EU. -
I process or distribute seafood in Great Britain
Information and guidance on processing and distributing seafood in Great Britain seafood from 1 January 2021. -
I catch or farm seafood
Information and guidance on fish caught or farmed and traded with the EU and Northern Ireland. -
Replacing EU mechanisms in Great Britain
Supporting information and guidance on replacing EU mechanisms in Great Britain. -
Trade agreements and seafood tariffs
Brexit could see changes to trade agreements and tariffs. We have published the potential changes for seafood products from 1 January 2021. -
Changes to health certificates for seafood exports to the EU
Guidance for seafood exporters on changes to export health certificates (EHCs). Find out what you need to do to export to the EU. -
Trading seafood under the Northern Ireland Protocol
Explanation of customs, tariffs and VAT rules for moving seafood between Great Britain and Northern Ireland and between Northern Ireland and the EU. -
Trade and regulation advice and resources
We can offer seafood businesses advice and information on trade and regulation. You'll also find resources here to support international trade. -
Export guides and webinars
Our Export Guides and webinars are a resource for UK seafood businesses looking for information on important overseas seafood markets. -
Seafood trade & tariff data
Our Trade and Tariff Tool has data for seafood imported and exported in the UK. Businesses can use it to research potential new markets. -
Registration of seafood buyers and sellers in the UK
Buyers and sellers of first sale UK landed fish need registered with fisheries authorities. -
General food labelling requirements
Regulation 1169/2011, The Food Information to Consumer Regulation (FIC) becomes effective from 13/12/2014 and replaces the current Food Labelling Regulations 1996. -
The Fish Labelling Regulations
Fish and shellfish products are subject to general labelling rules which apply to all foodstuffs, as well as some more specific regulations. -
Omega-3 labelling and other claims
If you choose to highlight the Omega-3 content or health benefits of your product, this may be classed as making a nutrition or health claim. These types of claims are regulated by The Nutrition and Health Claims Regulation. -
Allergen labelling laws
Food businesses must comply with allergen labelling regulations. Find out which products are affected and what labels and descriptions to use. -
Fish traceability laws
Seafood is subject to traceability laws. We have outlined the regulations for seafood businesses to give a basic understanding of the requirements. -
Selling catch directly to consumers
Our guides can help fishing businesses sell their catch directly to consumers. -
Packaging and waste legislation
Packaging and waste legislation protects consumers and reduces the seafood industry's carbon footprint. Read our guidance on what applies to seafood. -
Animal by-product disposal
The disposal of animal by-products is controlled by legislation which other forms of waste are not affected by. -
Plastic Packaging Tax guidance
If you manufacture or import plastic packaging, you may need to register for Plastic Packaging Tax. Our guidance is for seafood businesses only. -
Businesses in scope
Businesses that need to pay plastic packaging tax must register with HMRC. Find out information on how to check if you are liable. -
Plastic packaging in scope
Plastic Packaging Tax is due on some non-recycled plastic packaging used in the seafood supply chain. Find out what is and isn’t included. -
Registration and payments
Businesses liable for the tax must submit information to HMRC to confirm any payments or deferrals. Find out what is required. -
Record keeping for businesses in and out of scope
All businesses are required to verify information on plastic packaging used. This page explains the record keeping and due diligence requirements. -
A packaging supplier's experience of PPT
This case study examines a packaging supplier's experience of the Plastic Packaging Tax (PPT) as reported by Styropack. -
Plastic packaging taxes in the EU
Businesses exporting seafood from the UK to the EU should be aware of plastic packaging taxes in the EU. This page explains what you need to know. -
Legislation to control contaminants in seafood
Contaminants are substances found in food that have not been added intentionally. These pages cover legislation for contaminants found in seafood. -
Lead
Lead is an undesirable contaminant of food because of a number of harmful effects it has on health. Its levels in seafood are controlled by legislation in the EU. -
Cadmium
Cadmium is a contaminant that can be found in some species of seafood. Cadmium levels are controlled by legislation in the EU. -
Mercury
Mercury is a contaminant found in some foods, including seafood. It is controlled by legislation in the EU. -
Dioxins and PCBs
Dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are contaminants that may be found in some species of seafood. -
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are found as contaminants of some types of seafood. Their levels are controlled by European Union legislation. -
Melamine
Melamine is a contaminant that is controlled by legislation in the EU. -
Marine biotoxins
Marine biotoxins can occasionally contaminate some species of seafood, particularly filter feeding species. -
Histamine
Histamine may develop in some species of seafood. Its presence is controlled by legislation. -
Radionuclides
When a situation arises that leads to levels of radioactivity in food that are higher than natural levels, there is legislation to limit exposure. -
Brominated Flame Retardants
Although there is no specific legislation on brominated flame retardants (BFRs), the European Commission continues to monitor their toxicity and prevalence. -
Food hygiene legislation
Food hygiene legislation ensures the safe handling of food. We have created guidance on all legislation relevant to seafood businesses. -
Marine and Fisheries Management Regulation
Marine environment and fisheries regulations relevant to the seafood industry in the UK. Seafish is not responsible for regulation. -
Marine Environmental Regulation
The UK vision is for a “clean, healthy, safe, productive, biologically diverse marine and coastal environments. -
Key Marine Environmental Legislative Requirements
Summary of key legislation and international commitments regarding the marine environment of relevance to the fishing and aquaculture industries. -
Regulation in aquaculture
The aquaculture industry is growing in the UK. Find information on how to get started and regulations to help you farm seafood safely. -
Aquaculture Regulatory Toolbox for England
England's aquaculture industry is currently made up of a diverse range of mostly small and medium sized enterprises that are close to local markets. -
Delivering Safe Bivalves to the Market
There are specific requirements to ensure bivalve molluscs are safe for us to eat by reducing the risks from microbial contamination and biotoxins. -
Legislation on veterinary residues in aquaculture
Residues from veterinary medicines used by culturists to treat fish and shellfish can sometimes be detected in seafood. Our guidance explains more. -
Permitted substances
Below is a list of pharmacologically active substances permitted in seafood, alongside their MRLs. These figures are adapted from Regulation 37/2010. -
Banned substances
Some pharmacologically active substances have no fixed MRLs; these constitute a hazard to consumers when present in food at any level. -
Promoting UK seafood internationally
Seafood from the UK has a great story to tell to overseas buyers. We can help you promote your products through trade shows and marketing toolkits. -
Seafood for Life
We’re working to enable and empower the seafood industry to respond to challenges that can act as a barrier to consumers choosing seafood. -
Seafood for Health
We’ve collated information and resources on the health and nutritional benefits of seafood. -
Safety and training
We provide training, resources and support to help promote seafood careers and workplace safety. -
Seagoing training and certificates
We coordinate safety and skills training courses, learning resources and certificates for workers on fishing vessels in the UK. Find a course today. -
Commercial fishing training courses
We support training for people working in the fishing industry. Find a course that suits you. -
Fishing Vessel Stability Awareness training
Learn about the principles of fishing vessel stability, what causes instability and how to fix it. Book a course today. -
Training for new entrants to the fishing industry
Apprenticeships and training courses available for new entrants to the fishing industry. -
3-week Introduction to Commercial Fishing
A course for anyone who wants to start working on a commercial fishing vessel. Funding may be available to support costs. Contact us for more detail. -
Commercial fishing online training resources
Free access to online learning resources for those working on commercial fishing vessels in the UK. -
Offshore Approved Training Providers
Delivery of fishermen's training courses is undertaken by Seafish approved instructors working for our network of Approved Training Providers (ATPs). -
Seagoing training certificates
ID cards and certificates are available to fishing industry workers who have completed training. Find out how to order ID cards and certificates. -
Onshore training
There is a range of training, learning and development opportunities for individuals and seafood businesses. Find courses, resources and networks. -
Onshore Training Courses
We develop training courses for people who work with seafood on shore in the UK. Find a course and a training provider to suit you. -
Food Hygiene Training Courses
We deliver seafood specific food hygiene training courses accredited by the Royal Environmental Health Institute of Scotland (REHIS). -
Introductory Food Hygiene in the Seafood Industry
This short course offers an introduction to food hygiene. It covers bacteria and fish, contamination of fish, personal hygiene and cleaning. -
Elementary Food Hygiene (online)
This free online course is suitable for seafood processing businesses, for fish friers, customer service roles, fishmongers and fishermen. -
Intermediate Food Hygiene by eLearning
This eLearning course is tailored for food industry managers and supervisors. It is used by fish friers, mongers and processors across the UK. -
Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) Training Courses
HACCP training courses accredited by Seafish and the Royal Environmental Health Institute of Scotland (REHIS). -
Introduction to Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) in the seafood industry
This short course offers an introduction to Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points HACCP. -
Elementary Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) by eLearning
This food industry course focuses on the seven principles of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP). -
Allergens Courses and Guidance
Seafood business operators must ensure that staff receive appropriate allergens training. Find out what training is available. -
Bivalve Shellfish Safety Training Courses
Ensuring safer shellfish by supporting the training of seafood purification staff and Environmental Health Officers (EHOs). -
Bivalve Purification Operations Training
This one day bivalve shellfish industry course focuses on the requirements needed to safely purify or depurate live bivalve shellfish. -
Bivalve Purification Management
This seafood course focuses on the procedures and management controls required to ensure safer live bivalves are available for sale to the public. -
Bivalve Shellfish Hygiene Verification programme
An advanced level, two-day training programme for Environmental Health Officers (EHOs). -
Official Control Sampling Training
A remote course that may allow shellfish producers to collect shellfish and water samples for Local Authorities, with an agreement in place. -
Fishmonger Training
A successful fishmonger requires a various skills and knowledge. These include knife skills and customer service skills along with product knowledge. -
Fish Quality Assessment Training Courses
Fish quality assessment should be objective, based on recognised schemes. Our courses look beyond "good/poor" quality. We aim to quantify quality. -
Principles of Fish Quality Assessment (raw or cooked)
Fish quality assessment should be objective and based on recognised schemes. It looks beyond good or poor quality and aims to quantify quality. -
Introductory Fish Quality Assessment
Our introductory fish quality assessment training course is usually delivered to a small group onsite at a seafood business. -
Intermediate Fish Quality Assessment
Our principles of fish quality assessment course combined with at least one full day of practical assessment. -
Fish Smoking Training Courses
Smoking seafood is a way of giving it a unique taste and flavour. We support fish smoking training courses. -
Principles of Fish Smoking
This theory-based training course covers the key principles of smoking fish. -
Practical Fish Smoking training
A range of practical training/coaching sessions based at various UK training centres to be announced in 2024. -
Food Authenticity and Integrity Verification
A Food Authenticity and Integrity Verification for the seafood industry. Find out what's involved and how to book. -
Health and Safety Training Courses
We deliver Health and Safety training courses at two levels accredited by the Royal Environmental Health Institute of Scotland (REHIS). -
Health and Safety Taught Courses
Health & safety training allows businesses to develop a positive culture and safe working environment. We deliver these taught courses at two levels. -
Elementary Health and Safety (online)
Elementary Health and Safety is a recognised qualification equivalent to a Level 2 certificate in England, Northern Ireland and Wales. -
Funding to support remote and online learning
Funding is available to support the delivery of remote and online training for the UK seafood industry. -
Onshore Approved Training Providers
At Seafish we work in partnership with individuals to ensure that the onshore seafood industry has access to high quality and cost-effective training. -
Onshore Training Partners
Across the UK training for the onshore seafood sector is supported by a range of partnerships and collaborative working. -
Seafood business apprenticeships
We work with providers to support apprenticeship programmes that allow seafood businesses to support people working in a variety of roles. -
Apprentices are catch of the day for Plymouth fish and chip shop
A case study looking at how apprentices can be a real asset to the team at Harbourside and deliver a great fish and chip experience. -
Yorkshire fish and chip chain puts apprenticeships on the menu
A case study looking at how a fish and chip chain invested in its ongoing success by offering staff apprenticeships. -
Frying high with Hollie Hutton
A case study highlighting how an apprenticeship helped enthusiastic Hollie Hutton to thrive at an award-winning fish and chip shop in Bradford. -
Apprenticeships for fish friers in England
Information about apprenticeship training providers who support fish frying businesses in England -
Fishmonger apprenticeship revision 2024
A new apprenticeship standard for fishmongers, merchants, wholesalers and some primary processors -
Online Learning Resources for Fishmongers
Flexible training materials on customer service and food safety for fishmongers. -
Training Videos On YouTube
With more than 100 authoritative video programmes available, this represents a superb resource for anyone interested in the seafood industry. -
Seafood Guide Updates
All printed publications are limited in content and go out of date eventually, including our 2020 edition of the Seafood Guide. -
Seafood Guide contents and ordering information
Seafood Guide contents and ordering information. -
Welsh Fishing Safety Committee
The Welsh Fishing Safety Committee (WFSC) addresses the most significant causes of fishing-related loss of life and accidents amongst the Welsh fleet. -
Northern Ireland Fishing Safety Forum
We facilitate the Northern Ireland Fishing Safety Forum (NIFSF) to address fishing-related loss of life and accidents in the country's fleet. -
Kingfisher Information Services
Information on surface and subsea hazards around the UK to help fishing vessels operate safely at sea. Find out how to get alerts and plotter data. -
Seafood industry career paths
There's lots of careers in the seafood industry from harvesting to retail. Learn more about working in fishing, aquaculture, processing and more. -
Careers on fishing vessels
There are many options for those who want to explore a career in fishing. This page explains types of roles available with links to training. -
Careers and Training in Aquaculture
People who work in the UK aquaculture sector, breed, rear and harvest various fish and shellfish species for consumption and commercial sale. -
Careers in Foodservice
The foodservice sector includes both takeaway fish and chip shops and seafood restaurants. -
Careers in Retail & fishmongering
Careers in seafood retail will appeal to individuals looking to learn a traditional trade which involves a great deal of knowledge and skill. With over fifty species of fish and shellfish in the UK market, fishmongering is a highly specialised trade. -
Careers in Processing
The processing sector transforms the fresh fish and shellfish produced by fishermen and fish. The range of careers available includes technical managers, supervisory roles, food technologists, operatives, team leaders, filleters, quality assurance roles, engineers etc. -
Career case studies
Five case studies of careers in seafood. -
Employing workers from outside the UK
A Skilled Worker Visa is required for employing migrant workers. Our guidance can help you navigate the sponsor process and be a responsible employer. -
Young Seafood Leaders Network
We set up a network to connect talented young professionals from across the UK seafood industry. Find out how to join and what is involved. -
Responsible sourcing
The UK works hard to ensure it has a responsible seafood industry. Find out how to make your business more environmentally and socially responsible. -
Bycatch and protected species
There is action underway to minimise to fishing bycatch and to monitor protected species. -
Marine Protected Areas (MPAs)
MPAs cover almost a quarter of UK waters and have a diverse range of conservation goals, including protecting fish, seabirds and habitats. -
Fish stock assessment and management
Sustainable fisheries management is vital in maintaining healthy fish stocks. We’ve produced guidance on how stock assessment and management works. -
Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated fishing
Unauthorised fishing or activity that breaches regional, national or international laws is known as Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing. -
UK fisheries management and supply chain initiatives
We’re working with industry and government on a number of initiatives to protect fish and shellfish stocks for future generations. -
Risk assessments and tools for fisheries management
We’ve developed risk assessment frameworks for wild capture fisheries. Find out how they support fisheries management and seafood sourcing. -
Future of Our Inshore Fisheries
Future of Our Inshore Fisheries (FOIF) is an industry-led project with the long-term aim of transforming how inshore fisheries are managed. -
Fisheries Management Plans (FMPs)
Information on what Fisheries Management Plans (FMPs) are, which plans we are helping to develop and opportunities for stakeholder engagement. -
Fisheries management plans in Wales
Information on FMPs in Wales, offering stakeholders the chance to engage in the process to support a profitable and sustainable fishing industry. -
Shellfish Industry Advisory Group
The Shellfish Industry Advisory Group (SIAG) provides a forum to discuss sustainability and management of UK shellfish fisheries. -
Crab and Lobster Management Group
The Crab and Lobster Management Group (CMG) is an industry-led group focused on issues specific to crab and lobster stocks and fisheries. -
Whelk Management Group
The Whelk Management Group (WMG) focuses on the management of the UK whelk fishery to ensure its long-term sustainability. -
Project UK Fisheries Improvement Projects
A collaborative stakeholder partnership project with the MSC that aims to improve the environmental sustainability of selected UK fisheries. -
Managing discards
Discards are the parts of a catch returned to the sea. Discarding is the practice of returning unwanted catches to the sea, either dead or alive. -
Landing Obligation
How to effectively introduce the landing obligation is one of the most difficult issues facing the fishing industry under the reformed Common Fisheries Policy. -
Onshore Implications
There will be specific onshore impacts of the landing obligation for ports, and potentially the supply chain as a whole. -
North Sea Waters
The landing obligation was introduced in fisheries of interest to the UK fleet in the North Sea from 2015 onwards, and is being introduced for all fisheries covered by the Common Fisheries Policy by 2019. When the landing obligation is fully implemented from 1 January 2019, skippers will be obliged to land all commercial quota species they catch. -
North Western Waters
The landing obligation was introduced in fisheries of interest to the UK fleet in North Western Waters from 2015 onwards, and is being introduced for all fisheries covered by the Common Fisheries Policy by 2019. When the landing obligation is fully implemented from 1 January 2019, skippers will be obliged to land all commercial quota species they catch. -
Discards news and reports
This page contains various documents, notes and publications which offer news and further information on discards. -
Economic analysis
The reform of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) introduces a landing obligation to eliminate discarding. Seafish was asked to determine the potential economic implications of this discard ban on UK fleets. -
The Common Fisheries Policy
Of course, fish do not respect international boundaries and move freely in the oceans. This makes it difficult for individual EU countries to manage fish stocks in isolation. -
UK Gear Forum
The UK Gear Forum brings together industry, researchers and governments to discuss and advance gear innovations to drive sustainability in fishing. -
Selective gear technology for fishing
We work with the fishing industry in the UK to develop selective gear technologies that improve net-based fishing. -
Fishing Gear Database
Our Fishing Gear Database provides information on how gear and selective devices work to make catching fish more efficient and reduce unwanted catch. -
Gear
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Bag net
A bag net is an environmental method of targeting fish that are close inshore. -
Beach Seine
A net shot by hand or from a small boat in a circular shape and drawn ashore by hand from both ends, which targets fish living close to the shoreline. -
Beam Trawl - Chain Mat Gear
This beam trawl is similar to other beam trawls in that it is held open by a steel bar with shoes on each end. -
Beam Trawl - Open gear
The beam trawl - open gear is designed to stimulate the fish out of the mud and over the footrope of the trawl. -
Beam Trawl - Shrimp beam trawl
The shrimp beam trawl is used to target brown shrimp and is often used in shallow water. -
Beam Trawl - Sumwing
In this fishing method of beam trawling, the beam is replaced with 'wing' style of beam without any beam shoes at the ends. -
Demersal Trawl - General
A demersal trawl is a cone shaped net that is towed on the seabed to target demersal fish species. -
Demersal Trawl - Nephrops hopper trawl
A nephrops trawl is designed and rigged to be towed over rough seabeds to target nephrops. -
Demersal Trawl - Nephrops trawl
A low demersal trawl towed on the seabed, with the mouth held open by a pair of otter boards (trawl doors) designed to target nephrops. -
Demersal Trawl - Rockhopper trawl
The rockhopper, or hopper trawl, is a trawl that is towed on the seabed, with the mouth held open by a pair of otter boards (trawl doors). -
Demersal Trawl - Scraper net
A long low, demersal trawl towed on the seabed, with the mouth held open by a pair of otter boards (trawl doors). -
Demersal Trawl - Sole Trawl
A trawl towed on the seabed, with the mouth held open by a pair of otter boards (trawl doors) designed and rigged to target Dover sole. -
DRB - Scallop Dredge
A scallop dredge is a rigid structure with a chain mail collecting bag, towed on the seabed to target king scallops. -
Drift Nets
This type of gill net is suspended in the water, usually just below the surface, but can be worked anywhere to target pelagic species. -
Fyke Net
A fyke net is a type of fish trap and are generally operated in shallow coastal waters, such as estuaries and sheltered bays. -
Gill Nets
A gill net is a single wall of netting anchored on the seabed to catch fish that swim into it. -
Hand lines
Fishing using a rod or hand held lines as a commercial venture in a similar manner to recreation angling. -
Jigging
Jigging is a method of fishing. Hooks are attached to artificial lures to attract and capture fish. -
LA Ring Net
A LA Ring Net is a long net that is shot to surround a shoal of pelagic fish with a ‘wall’ of netting. -
Long line
Long lining can be used to target both pelagic and demersal fish. -
Multi Rig - Quad rig
A method of towing four otter trawls side by side. -
Multi Rig Trawl - Nephrops triple rig
In this rig three trawls are towed side by side using four trawl warps. -
Multi Rig Trawl - Sole triple rig
This is a fishing method used by smaller vessels to target Dover sole. It involves towing three small trawl side by side. -
Out-rig Trawling
Out-rig trawling is a method of multi rig trawling where two small otter trawls with nets behind, are towed from the ends of outrigger derricks. -
Pair Seine
In this fishing method a net similar to a demersal trawl is towed by two boats simultaneously. -
Pair Trawl
In this fishing method a demersal trawl is towed by two boats simultaneously, one towing each side of the trawl. -
Pelagic Pair Trawl
A trawl towed in mid-water between two vessels to target pelagic fish. -
Pelagic Trawl
In this fishing method, the trawl is towed in mid-water by a vessel and is designed to catch pelagic fish. -
Pole and Line
This is a basic rod and line fishery using barbless hooks and live bait. -
Pots and Trap - Nephrops
Nephrops creels or prawn creels as they are generally called, are of the basic D creel design but lighter than that of a lobster or crab pot. -
Pots and Traps - Brown Crab
Two main shapes of trap are used to target brown crabs. -
Pots and Traps - Cuttlefish
Cuttlefish traps are usually larger than most other traps but of lightweight construction. -
Pots and Traps - General
Pots and traps are generally rigid structures into which fish or shellfish are guided through funnels that make entry easy but escape difficult. -
Pots and Traps - Lobster
The D shaped creel with two entrances is the favoured trap by many lobster fishermen. -
Pots and Traps - Velvet Crab
Traps or creels, used for velvet crab are similar to those used for lobster. -
Pots and Traps - Whelks
Plastic drums with a netting entrance set on the seabed for targeting whelks. -
PS - Purse Seine
A purse seine is a large net used to surround a shoal of pelagic fish. -
Queen Scallop Dredge
A dredge used to target queen scallops are wider and higher than a traditional Newhaven scallop dredge. -
SDN - Anchor Seine
A net shot in the open sea using very long ropes to lay out the net and ropes on the seabed prior to hauling from a boat at anchor. -
Semi-Pelagic Trawl
A trawl towed on or very close to the seabed with the trawl doors swimming several metres off the seabed. -
Small Line
A fishing method is similar to longline fishing but adapted to suit the smaller inshore vessels. -
SSC - Scottish Seine
In the Scottish seine the gear is shot on the seabed in a rounded triangle shape with very long weighted ropes attached to each end of the net. -
Stake Net
A net with a long vertical wall of netting held up by a line of strong wooden poles erected upwards from the beach. -
Tangle Nets
A gill net design where the netting is hung onto the ropes to create a greater amount of slack netting. -
Trammel Nets
Fishing nets similar to a gill net but are made up of three layers of netting. -
Trolling
Trolling is a method of fishing where the boat tows a line or lines with one or more hooks with a natural bait or an artificial lure. -
Twin Rig Trawl - Mixed species twin rig
A fishing method using two trawls side by side to target a mix of bottom living species and demersal round fish. -
Twin Rig Trawl - Nephrops
A method of towing two otter trawls side by side to target nephrops. -
Twin Rig Trawl - Sole twin rig
A fishing method used by smaller vessels to target Dover sole. It involves towing two small trawls side by side. -
Wreck Nets
Wreck nets are types of gill or trammel nets that have been rigged to shoot over wrecks or areas of hard ground on the seabed. -
Types of fishing gear
Different kinds of gear have evolved to target particular species or groups of species. We have produced guidance on commonly used fishing gear. -
Fishing Gear Glossary
A glossary of equipment and technology. -
Selective device
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4 Panel Cod-end
By constructing a 4 panel cod-end, it allows the cod-end to remain more open and increases the flow of water, allowing the fish more space to swim. -
Acoustic deterrents
An acoustic deterrent is a device that emits pulses of high frequency sound to deter cetaceans from approaching fishing gear. -
Amity Net Grid
The amity net grid is a selective device designed to separate nephrops from fish. -
Benthic Panel
A benthic panel is a small panel of square mesh or large diamond mesh inserted in the bottom panel of a trawl. -
Benthos Release Panel
A Benthos or Benthic release panel is a panel of larger diamond mesh or square mesh netting fitted into the lower panel of a trawl. -
Box Trawl
A selective box trawl is made up of 4 panels of netting with these 4 panels carried right down to a 4 panel cod-end. -
Cefas Net Grid
The Cefas Net Grid is a selective device designed to separate nephrops from fish. -
Coverless Trawls
A coverless trawl has the top panel of the net cut back so that the headline and footrope are of similar length. -
Diamond Mesh Size
Most fishing gear is made of netting with diamond shaped meshes, this gives the gear flexibility and a certain amount of stretch. -
Eliminator Trawl
The eliminator trawl is a standard demersal trawl with very large diamond meshes in the wings and forward part of the trawl. -
Escape Gaps
Escape gaps are usually flat pieces of rigid plastic with a rectangular hole in that is fitted into pots and traps to release small shellfish -
F-Cap. (Faithlie Cod Avoidance Panel)
The F-CAP was developed to release cod from a nephrops trawl. -
Fish Stimulation
Fish stimulation being used as a selective device is still a relatively new concept. It is being trialled using a light, sound or electric pulses. -
Gear Operation
This is where there is a complete change of fishing gear or the way the fishing gear is operated to change the catch composition. -
Gear Size
Reducing the physical size of the whole gear or just part of the gear to reduce unwanted by-catch and be able to handle the gear more efficiently. -
Headline Height
A trawl or static net where the gear has been redesigned to keep the headline (top of the net) low to prevent the capture of high swimming species. -
Inclined Netting Grids
An inclined netting grid is a panel of netting fitted inside a trawl and set at an angle. -
Number of Dredges
In some scallop dredge fisheries the number of dredges used is regulated to ensure fishing effort remains within manageable limits. -
Off Bottom Trawl
This is a trawl that, by the way it is rigged and towed, swims clear of the seabed but close enough to target some of the demersal species. -
Ring Size
The ring size of scallop dredges can be used as a selectivity measure to release scallops below a certain size. -
SELTRA Box - Diamond mesh
The SELTRA box is a four panel extension section with a top panel of either large diamond mesh or large square mesh to encourage small fish to escape. -
SELTRA Box - Square mesh panel
The SELTRA box is a four panel extension section with a top panel of either large diamond mesh or large square mesh to encourage small fish to escape. -
Separator panels
A separator panel is a horizontal panel of netting designed to divide the trawl into two sections one above the other. -
Sep-Nep codend
The Sep-Nep is an inclined panel of diamond netting to sieve the nephrops into the lower chamber and direct the fish into the upper chamber. -
Sort X grid
The Sort X grid was developed in Norway as a measure to reduce the numbers of small fish being caught when targeting cod in the Barents Sea. -
Square Mesh Cod-ends
This is one of the most effective escape devices available for the release of small undersized round fish. -
Square Mesh Panels
The square mesh panel is one of the most common used and well known selective devices. -
T90 Cod-ends
In this design the cod-end mesh is turned through 90 degrees into T90 configuration. -
Towing speed
In some situations a change in towing speed can dramatically change the composition of the catch. -
Inclined Separator Panels
An inclined separator panel separates the catch into the bottom living and the higher swimming species and directs them into two separate cod-ends. -
Technical Information
-
Bridle Angle and Wing End Spread calculations
Calculations for the bridle angle of a single trawl and wing end spread using a calculator. -
Calculating the Spread of Trawl Doors
Guidance for skippers on calculating the spread of trawl doors. -
Calculating the Sweep Angle and Wing End Spread of a Single Demersal Trawl
An easy to use calculation for wing end spread and sweep angle of a single trawl. -
Flip Up Ropes Construction
Guidance on the design and construction of a Flip Up Rope for fitting into a demersal otter trawl. -
Three Warp Twin Rig - Shortening the Centre Warp
Sheets with figures to advise skippers towing three warp twin rig trawl gear how much to shorten the centre warp by to keep the gear square. -
Trawl Door Spread
The distance between the trawl doors is an important piece of information for any trawler skipper to know at all times. -
Search results
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Aquaculture - farming seafood
Aquaculture production is growing in the UK. We’ve collated information on responsible seafood farming and resources for aquaculture businesses. -
Species farmed in aquaculture
We’ve collated information on commonly farmed species of fish and shellfish and how they are classified. -
Aquaculture profiles
Aquaculture profiles -
Atlantic Halibut
The Atlantic halibut is a large flatfish that can reach a weight of over 300kg in the wild. -
Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods
Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) Aquaculture Profile - Sources, quantities and cultivation methods. -
Governance and Outlook
Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) Aquaculture Profile - Governance and outlook. -
Farm Siting
Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) Aquaculture Profile - Farm Siting. -
Nutrient Pollution
Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) Aquaculture Profile - Nutrient Pollution. -
Feed
Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) Aquaculture Profile - Feed. -
Disease, Medicines and Chemicals
Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) Aquaculture Profile - Disease, medicines and chemicals. -
Escapes and Introductions
Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) Aquaculture Profile - Escapes and Introductions. -
Certification
Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) Aquaculture Profile - Certification. -
Atlantic Salmon
Atlantic salmon is one of the world’s most iconic farmed aquatic species. -
Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods
Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Aquaculture Profile - Sources, quantities and cultivation methods. -
Governance and Outlook
Atlantic Salmon – (Salmon salar) Aquaculture Profile - Governance and Outlook. -
Farm Siting
Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Aquaculture Profile - Farm Siting. -
Nutrient Pollution
Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Aquaculture Profile - Nutrient Pollution. -
Feed
Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Aquaculture Profile - Feed. -
Disease, Medicines and Chemicals
Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Aquaculture Profile - Disease, medicines and chemicals. -
Escapes and Introductions
Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Aquaculture Profile - Escapes and Introductions. -
Certification
Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Aquaculture Profile - Certification. -
White Leg Prawn
White Leg Prawns (widely known as "vannamei") are native to the warm marine waters of the Eastern Pacific. -
Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods
White Leg Prawn (Litopenaeus vannamei) Aquaculture Profile - Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods. -
Governance and Outlook
White Leg Prawn (Litopenaeus vannamei) Aquaculture Profile - Governance and Outlook. -
Farm Siting
White Leg Prawn (Litopenaeus vannamei) Aquaculture Profile - Farm Siting. -
Nutrient Pollution
White Leg Prawn (Litopenaeus vannamei) Aquaculture Profile - Nutrient Pollution. -
Feed
White Leg Prawn (Litopenaeus vannamei) Aquaculture Profile - Feed. -
Disease, Medicines and Chemicals
White Leg Prawn (Litopenaeus vannamei) Aquaculture Profile - Disease, Medicines and Chemicals. -
Escapes and Introductions
White Leg Prawn (Litopenaeus vannamei) Aquaculture Profile - Escapes and Introductions. -
Certification
White Leg Prawn (Litopenaeus vannamei) Aquaculture Profile - Certification. -
European Sea Bass
The European sea bass aquaculture industry has grown strongly since the early 1990s and represents one of the most important farmed species. -
Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods
European Sea Bass (Dicentrachus labrax) Aquaculture Profile - Sources, quantities and cultivation methods. -
Governance and Outlook
European Sea Bass (Dicentrachus labrax) Aquaculture Profile - Governance and Outlook. -
Farm Siting
European Sea Bass (Dicentrachus labrax) Aquaculture Profile - Farm Siting. -
Nutrient Pollution
European Sea Bass (Dicentrachus labrax) Aquaculture Profile - Nutrient Pollution. -
Feed
European Sea Bass (Dicentrachus labrax) Aquaculture Profile - Feed. -
Disease, Medicines and Chemicals
European Sea Bass (Dicentrachus labrax) Aquaculture Profile - Disease, medicines and chemicals. -
Escapes and Introductions
European Sea Bass (Dicentrachus labrax) Aquaculture Profile - Escapes and Introductions. -
Certification
European Sea Bass (Dicentrachus labrax) Aquaculture Profile - Certification. -
Gilthead Sea Bream
The Gilthead sea bream aquaculture industry represents one of the most important farmed species in the Mediterranean. -
Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods
Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Aquaculture Profile - Sources, quantities and cultivation methods. -
Governance and Outlook
Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Aquaculture Profile - Governance and Outlook. -
Farm Siting
Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Aquaculture Profile - Farm Siting. -
Nutrient Pollution
Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Aquaculture Profile - Nutrient Pollution. -
Feed
Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Aquaculture Profile - Feed. -
Disease, Medicines and Chemicals
Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Aquaculture Profile - Disease, medicines and chemicals. -
Escapes and Introductions
Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Aquaculture Profile - Escapes and Introductions. -
Certification
Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Aquaculture Profile - Certification. -
Mussels
Mussel farming extends across temperate and tropical regions in inshore environments, as well as in deeper, offshore waters. -
Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods
Mussels Aquaculture Profile - Sources, quantities and cultivation methods. -
Governance and Outlook
Mussels Aquaculture Profile - Governance and Outlook. -
Farm Siting
Mussels Aquaculture Profile - Farm Siting. -
Water Quality
Mussels Aquaculture Profile - Water Quality. -
Wild Seed
Mussels Aquaculture Profile - Wild Seed. -
Certification
Mussels Aquaculture Profile - Certification. -
Turbot
Turbot is a fast-growing flatfish found naturally in the Northeast Atlantic and the Mediterranean. -
Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods
Turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture Profile - Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods. -
Governance and Outlook
Turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture Profile - Governance and Outlook. -
Farm Siting
Turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture Profile - Farm Siting. -
Nutrient Pollution
Turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture Profile - Nutrient Pollution. -
Feed
Turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture Profile - Disease, Medicines and Chemicals. -
Disease, Medicines and Chemicals
Turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture Profile - Disease, Medicines and Chemicals. -
Escapes and Introductions
Turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture Profile - Escapes and Introductions. -
Certification
Turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture Profile - Certification. -
Oysters
Oyster farming extends across many countries of the world. The adaptability of oysters makes them a good aquaculture species. -
Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods
Oysters Aquaculture Profile - Sources, quantities and cultivation methods. -
Governance and Outlook
Oysters Aquaculture Profile - Governance and Outlook. -
Farm Siting
Oysters Aquaculture Profiles - Farm Siting. -
Water Quality
Oysters Aquaculture Profile - Water Quality. -
Escapes and Introductions
Oysters Aquaculture Profile - Escapes and Introductions. -
Certification
Oysters Aquaculture Profile - Certification. -
Tilapia
Tilapias are a group of warm-water fish species with the second largest share of global aquaculture production after carps. -
Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods
Tilapia (Oreochromis / Sarotherodon / Tilapia spp.) Aquaculture Profile - Sources, quantities and cultivation methods. -
Governance and Outlook
Tilapia (Oreochromis / Sarotherodon / Tilapia spp.) Aquaculture Profile - Governance and Outlook. -
Farm Siting
Tilapia (Oreochromis / Sarotherodon / Tilapia spp.) Aquaculture Profile - Farm Siting. -
Nutrient Pollution
Tilapia (Oreochromis / Sarotherodon / Tilapia spp.) Aquaculture Profile - Nutrient Pollution. -
Feed
Tilapia (Oreochromis / Sarotherodon / Tilapia spp.) Aquaculture Profile - Feed. -
Disease, Medicines and Chemicals
Tilapia (Oreochromis / Sarotherodon / Tilapia spp.) Aquaculture Profile - Disease, medicines and chemicals. -
Escapes and Introductions
Tilapia (Oreochromis / Sarotherodon / Tilapia spp.) Aquaculture Profile - Escapes and Introductions. -
Certification
Tilapia (Oreochromis / Sarotherodon / Tilapia spp.) Aquaculture Profile - Certification. -
Tiger Prawn
Tiger Prawns (widely known as "monodon") are native to the warm marine waters of Australia, South and SE Asia, and East Africa. -
Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods
Tiger Prawn (Penaeus monodon) - Sources, quantities and cultivation methods. -
Governance and Outlook
Tiger Prawn (Penaeus monodon) Aquaculture Profile - Governance and Outlook. -
Farm Siting
Tiger Prawn (Penaeus monodon) Aquaculture Profile - Farm Siting. -
Nutrient Pollution
Tiger Prawn (Penaeus monodon) Aquaculture Profiles - Nutrient Pollution. -
Feed
Tiger Prawn (Penaeus monodon) Aquaculture Profile - Feed. -
Disease, Medicines and Chemicals
Tiger Prawn (Penaeus monodon) Aquaculture profile - Disease, Medicines and Chemicals. -
Wild Seed
Tiger Prawn (Penaeus monodon) Aquaculture Profile - Wild Seed. -
Certification
Tiger Prawn (Penaeus monodon) Aquaculture Profile - Certification. -
Pangasius
Pangasius are primarily cultured in high density ponds and the Mekong delta in Vietnam is at the centre of current production. -
Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods
Pangasius (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) Aquaculture Profile - Sources, quantities and cultivation methods. -
Governance and Outlook
Pangasius (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) Aquaculture Profile - Governance and Outlook. -
Farm Siting
Pangasius (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) - Aquaculture Profile - Farm Siting. -
Nutrient Pollution
Pangasius (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) Aquaculture Profile - Nutrient Pollution. -
Feed
Pangasius (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) Aquaculture Profile - Feed. -
Disease, Medicines and Chemicals
Pangasius (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) Aquaculture Profile - Disease, medicines and chemicals. -
Escapes and Introductions
Pangasius (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) Aquaculture Profile - Escapes and Introductions. -
Certification
Pangasius (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) Aquaculture Profile - Certification. -
Scallops
Scallop production extends across the world in cold and warm water regions, with China dominating commercial production. -
Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods
Scallops Aquaculture Profile - Sources, quantities and cultivation methods. -
Governance and Outlook
Scallops Aquaculture Profile - Governance and Outlook. -
Farm Siting
Scallops Aquaculture Profile - Farm Siting. -
Water Quality
Scallops Aquaculture Profile - Water Quality. -
Escapes and Introductions
Scallops Aquaculture Profile - Escapes and Introductions. -
Certification
Scallops Aquaculture Profile - Certification. -
Rainbow Trout
Rainbow trout was one of the first species whose life cycle was fully replicated under farmed conditions and can be farmed in a variety of systems. -
Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods
Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture Profile - Sources, quantities and cultivation methods. -
Governance and Outlook
Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture Profile - Governance and Outlook. -
Farm Siting
Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture Profile - Farm Siting. -
Nutrient Pollution
Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture Profile - Nutrient Pollution. -
Feed
Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture Profile - Feed. -
Disease, Medicines and Chemicals
Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture Profile - Disease, medicines and chemicals. -
Escapes and Introductions
Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture Profile - Escapes and Introductions. -
Certification
Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Aquaculture Profile - Certification. -
Principles of responsible aquaculture
There are some general principles that apply to any aquaculture farm or site and the work that is done there. -
Bivalve shellfish purification
Information and guidance on building and operating bivalve shellfish purification systems. -
Starting an aquaculture business
Choosing the correct species and sites are some of the most crucial decisions a culturist must make. -
Choosing a site
Selecting a suitable site is crucial to the success of any aquaculture business. -
Selecting a species
Choosing which species of fish or shellfish to rear is a difficult decision for any culturist. -
Sourcing fishmeal and fish oil
Fishmeal and fish oil can be produced from whole fish, fish trimmings or other fish processing by-products. This page provides data and information. -
Climate change and the seafood industry
Climate change is a major challenge facing us all, and we're working to support the seafood industry response. -
Inverlussa launch the UK’s first full hybrid aquaculture vessel
Inverlussa Marine Services has launched the UK’s first fully-hybrid aquaculture service vessel which will help reduce carbon emissions. -
Catching sector funding carbon footprint research
Understanding the carbon footprint of your activities is an important first step in identifying areas where changes might be needed. -
How fishing gear design can help reduce carbon emissions
Trials are underway in the UK to test new trawl gears which could reduce vessel carbon emissions. -
Minimising greenhouse gas emissions by importing super-frozen tuna
Imports of super-frozen tuna products can be transported by sea rather than air freight, which reduces the carbon footprint. -
Reducing greenhouse gas emissions from the seafood supply chain at Nomad Foods
Nomad Foods, a leading producer of frozen seafood, has set ambitious targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. -
Improving safety at sea through vessel design in the pelagic sector
The Scottish pelagic fishing sector is making changes to the design of new fishing vessels to further improve safety at sea. -
Working to carbon neutrality at The Bay fish and chip shop
A climate change business case study looking at how The Bay fish and chip shop in Stonehaven has reduced its carbon emissions. -
Vessels of the Future Forum
The Vessels of the Future Forum brings together industry, researchers and government to help our fishing and aquaculture fleet transition to net zero. -
Assessing the carbon footprint of seafood
We are providing practical resources to support the UK seafood sector’s response to Climate Change. -
Seafood Carbon Emissions Profiling Tool Terms and Conditions of use
This page outlines the terms and conditions for using the Seafood Carbon Emissions Profiling Tool. -
Steaming on sunshine: The UK’s first solar powered fishing vessel
Inshore lobster potter and boat builder, Hans Unkles, converts the Lorna Jane into the UK's first fully approved electric commercial fishing vessel. -
Why social responsibility matters
Social responsibility is the idea that businesses balance profit-making activities with activities that benefit society. -
Seafish work on social responsibility
Seafish works proactively to improve supply chain integrity across the seafood sector and has a number of key work areas. -
Follow six steps to social responsibility
Follow six steps to social responsibility. -
Seafood Ethics Action Alliance
The Seafood Ethics Action Alliance brings businesses together to ensure seafood supply chains are ethical. Find out who is involved and what they do. -
Assessment of Worker Welfare Issues
We have published various research studies to assess risk and help seafood businesses respond to labour and worker welfare issues. -
Social License to Operate
A social license to operate indicates the level of approval from the community that an industry has to operate. Seafish facilitated a workshop to explain the concept, how it works and the reasons for attaining and building high quality stakeholder relationships in this way. -
Tools for Ethical Seafood Sourcing
Tools for Ethical Seafood Sourcing (TESS) is a one-stop-shop signposting users to numerous online resources and initiatives that support socially responsible business practices. -
Responsible Fishing Ports Scheme
The Responsible Fishing Ports Scheme (RFPS) certifies responsible UK fishing ports and harbours. It is now open to ports of all sizes. -
Applying for Responsible Fishing Ports Scheme certification
There are six steps involved in the process of applying for Responsible Fishing Ports Scheme (RFPS) certification. -
Responsible Fishing Ports Scheme Governance Structure
We’ve adopted a formal governance structure to ensure the Responsible Fishing Ports Scheme (RFPS) is credible and robust. -
Seafood Issues Groups
We run regular discussion groups for people interested in environmental and socially responsible sourcing of seafood in the UK and globally. -
The Pelagic Industry Issues Group
The group brings people together to discuss and share knowledge on issues affecting the UK pelagic fishing and processing industry -
Managing end of life fishing gear and aquaculture equipment
Fishing gear or aquaculture equipment lost in our oceans creates a challenging problem. We’re working with industry and government to find solutions. -
Aquafil’s ECONYL® yarn: Taking nylon from high water to high fashion
ECONYL® regenerated nylon is created from nylon waste that could otherwise have ended up in landfill or oceans around the world. This repurposed material is the same quality as brand new nylon and can be recycled and remoulded again and again, unleashing infinite possibilities for manufacturers and consumers. -
Plastix: Providing a unique solution to a complicated problem
Plastix is a Danish recycling company which aims to provide more sustainable solutions for cleaner environments and oceans. It specialises in converting fibres - primarily from used fishnets and ropes - that could previously have ended up in the ocean or on landfill into high-grade raw materials which can be used to create new products. -
Odyssey Innovation: Developing a circular solution to give recycled gear a new life
Odyssey Innovation was born out of owner Rob Thompson’s passion to rid the seas of plastic pollution. The company works with a range of stakeholders in South West England to find a circular solution to end-of-life and recovered abandoned, lost or otherwise discarded fishing gear. It arranges for material to be collected and processed so that recycled plastic can used to create a range of kayaks and accessories. -
Fishing For Litter: Partnering with the fishing industry to clean up our seas
KIMO International's Fishing For Litter project aims to reduce marine litter by working with the commercial fishing industry. -
Fishy Filaments: Turning end-of-life nets into a raw material for 3D-printing
Fishy Filaments recycles end-of-life fishing nets into engineering grade filaments for 3D-printing. From its base in Cornwall, the company aims to help make the local fishery more sustainable through minimising waste and more efficient net recycling, as well as creating an innovative solution to reducing the use of virgin materials in 3D-printed products. -
Brixham Trawl Makers: Working locally to make fishing gear more sustainable
Brixham Trawl Makers manufacture 90% of all beam trawls used by the port’s fishing vessels. Owner, founder and director Darren Edwards (known as Edd) is working with the local fishing industry to make fishing gear more sustainable. -
Animal sentience and welfare
We’re working with industry and government to provide advice and guidance on animal welfare issues. -
Tools for Ethical Seafood Sourcing
Tools for Ethical Seafood Sourcing (TESS) -
Alliance 8.7
A global partnership that provides strategic coordination towards the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal Target 8.7. -
Alliance to End Slavery and Trafficking (ATEST)
Alliance to End Slavery and Trafficking (ATEST) -
Anti-Slavery International
The world’s oldest international human rights organisation and the only charity in the UK to work exclusively against slavery. -
Apprise smartphone app
Apprise; a smartphone app helping NGOs & authorities identify potential victims of exploitation/trafficking during investigations & rescue operations. -
Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC)
The ASC is an independent, international non-profit organisation that has developed a certification programme for responsible aquaculture. -
Ardea International
Ardea International is a specialist sustainability, business and human rights consultancy with expertise in modern slavery. -
Modern Slavery Act 2015
The Modern Slavery Act gives law enforcement the tools to fight modern slavery. -
Be Slavery Free (formerly Stop the Traffik Australia)
Be Slavery Free is a coalition of civil society organisations with on-the-ground experience in preventing, disrupting and remediating modern slavery. -
British Retail Consortium
The British Retail Consortium is the go-to trade association for UK retailers. -
Business & Human Rights Resource Centre (BHRRC)
The Business and Human Rights Resource Centre works to build corporate transparency, strengthen corporate accountability, and empower advocates. -
Business for Social Compliance Initiative (BSCI)
The Business Social Compliance Initiative (BSCI) is a leading supply chain management system to support companies in social compliance & improvements. -
California Transparency in Supply Chains Act
The Act requires certain companies to report on their specific actions to eradicate slavery and human trafficking in their supply chains. -
Catcher to counter campaign
This is a joint programme between the International Transport Workers Federation (ITF) and the International Union of Food Workers (IUF). -
Certification and Ratings Collaboration
This is a collaboration between five global seafood certification/ratings programs to drive environmental sustainability and social responsibility. -
CGF Business Actions Against Forced Labour booklet
The CGF Business Actions Against Forced Labour booklet showcases best practices on how businesses are tackling forced labour. -
CGF Social Resolution on Forced Labour
In January 2016 the Consumer Goods Forum signed a Social Resolution on Forced Labour. -
Clearview Global Labour Provider Certification Scheme
Clearview is a global social compliance certification scheme for labour providers. -
Coalition for Ethical and Sustainable Seafood (CSO Coalition)
The CSO Coalition consists of national and international CSOs working to address human rights and environmental issues in the Thai seafood sector. -
ComplyChain: Business Tools for Labour Compliance in Global Supply Chains app
This Global Supply Chains app provides practical, step-by-step guidance on eight critical elements of social compliance. -
Conservation Alliance for Seafood Solutions
Connecting leading conservation groups that work with businesses representing over 80% of the North American grocery and food-service markets. -
Consumer Goods Forum (CGF)
The Consumer Goods Forum is committed to promoting decent working conditions worldwide. -
Criminal Finances Act (CFA)
The CFA enhances the ability of law enforcement officers to freeze and seize assets alleged to be connected to gross human rights abuses. -
ELEVATE (previously CSR Asia)
ELEVATE is an industry leader in sustainability and supply chain services globally. -
Environmental Justice Foundation (EJF)
UK- based non-profit organisation working internationally to protect the environment and defend human rights abuses and environmental degradation. -
Ethical Trading Initiative (ETI)
The ETI is a leading alliance of companies, trade unions and NGOs that promotes respect for workers’ rights around the globe. -
ETI Base Code
The ETI Base Code is an internationally recognised Code of Labour Practice. -
EU Non-Financial Reporting disclosure (EU NFR)
EU Directive 2014/95/ covering the disclosure of non-financial and diversity information by certain large undertakings and groups. -
Fair Trade USA
Fair Trade USA is a non-profit organisation that promotes sustainable livelihoods for farmers, workers, and fishermen. -
Fair Trade USA Capture Fisheries program
Fair Trade USA, a non-profit organisation, is the leading third-party certifier of Fair Trade products in the United States. -
Fairfood International
An international campaigning and lobbying organisation with a mission to improve the socio-economic conditions of vulnerable people. -
FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries
The FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries recognises the nutritional, economic, social, environmental and cultural importance of fisheries. -
Fish Standard for Crew
A voluntary, independent and accredited third-party certification programme for labour practices on fishing vessels. -
Fishermen's Mission
A UK-based fishermen’s charity that provides emergency support alongside practical, financial, spiritual and emotional care. -
Fishers’ Rights Network (FRN)
The FRN has been launched in Thailand to combat the abuse and exploitation of fishermen, most of whom are Cambodian and Myanmar migrants. -
FisheryProgress.org
This website provides a range of information about global Fishery Improvement Projects (FIPs). -
Fishing & Living initiative
This initiative promotes sustainable fisheries through improved fishing practices and enhanced living conditions for fishing communities. -
FishWise
FishWise is a non-profit conservation organisation that promotes the health and recovery of ocean ecosystems. -
Focus on Labour Exploitation (FLEX)
Focus on Labour Exploitation (FLEX) works to end human trafficking for labour exploitation. -
Food Network for Ethical Trade (FNET)
The Food Network for Ethical Trade (FNET) was established in 2016 by a number of major UK food companies to improve human rights in global food supply chains through a common approach to managing ethical trade. -
Forced Labour Risk Determination & Mitigation (FRDM) toolkit
A business intelligence tool that gives companies data about the risk of forced labour in their supply chain and strategies for addressing it. -
Freedom Fund
A philanthropic initiative designed to bring much-needed financial resources and strategic focus to the fight against modern slavery. -
Friend of the Sea
A leading international certification project for products originated from sustainable fisheries & aquaculture. -
Geneva Declaration on Human Rights
Raising global awareness of the abuse of human rights at sea and to mobilise a concerted international effort to put an end to it. -
Global Aquaculture Alliance Best Aquaculture Practices (BAP)
An international, non-profit organisation committed to feeding the world through responsible, sustainable aquaculture. -
Global Fishing Watch
They create and publicly share knowledge about human activity at sea to enable fair and sustainable use of the ocean. -
Global Freedom Network
The Global Freedom Network unites faith leaders from around the world to end modern slavery. -
Global Seafood Assurances (GSA)
The primary goal of GSA is to create a comprehensive group of certification schemes that address existing gaps in the seafood certifications universe. -
Global Slavery Index
A map of the estimated prevalence of modern slavery, together with information about the steps each government has taken to respond to this issue. -
Global Social Compliance Programme (GSCP)
The Global Social Compliance Programme (GSCP) is a business-driven, open-source platform working towards and promoting the harmonisation of efforts for the improvement of working and environmental conditions in global supply chains. -
Global Sustainable Seafood Initiative (GSSI)
The Global Sustainable Seafood Initiative (GSSI) has created a Global Benchmark Tool for the environmental aspects of seafood certification schemes. -
Global Tuna Alliance
An independent group of retailers and supply-chain companies. -
GlobalG.A.P.
GLOBALG.A.P. is a world leading farm assurance program, translating consumer requirements into Good Agricultural Practice worldwide. -
Greenpeace
Ensuring seafood is caught, farmed & processed in ways that are not harmful to the environment or to workers. -
Guidance Tool for Companies: Doing Business with Respect for Human Rights
Doing Business with Respect for Human Rights offers practical advice, experiences and insights to help companies respect human rights. -
Guidance. Assent Anti-Human Trafficking and your Supply Chain (ebook)
This ebook provides an overview of various global laws regarding human trafficking. -
Guidance. Common Vision for Sustainable Seafood
The Vision includes six steps businesses can take to develop and implement sustainable seafood commitments to improve the health of ocean ecosystems. -
Guidance: European guide for risk prevention in small fishing vessels
European guide for risk prevention in small fishing vessels. -
Guidance: Framework for Social Responsibility in the Seafood Sector
Framework for Social Responsibility provides guidance to help the seafood industry define social responsibility in the seafood sector. -
Guide for Integrating Human Rights and Business
A Guide for Integrating Human Rights into Business Management. -
Guide to conducting an Effective Human Rights Impact Assessment (HRIA)
The report captures lessons learned and shares eight guidelines for conducting human rights impact assessments. -
Guide to Human Rights Impact Assessment and Management (HRIAM)
An online tool designed to provide companies with guidance on how to assess and manage human rights risks and impacts of their business activities. -
Guide to Tackling Modern Slavery in Supply Chains
A step-by-step guide on what companies can and must do to eliminate slavery from their business. -
Guide: How to Develop a Human Rights Policy
This outlines why companies should respect human rights and adopt a human rights policy, its key components and best-practice to develop one. -
Human Rights at Sea (HRAS)
Raising awareness, implementation and accountability for human rights provisions throughout the maritime environment. -
Human Rights Impact Assessment Guidance and Toolbox
This guidance and toolbox helps conduct, commission, review or monitor human rights impact assessments of business projects and activities. -
Human Rights Risk Assessment (HRAI)
The Human Rights Risk Assessment (HRAI) is a systematic process to identify, predict and respond to potential human rights impacts. -
Humanity United
Humanity United is a foundation committed to building peace and advancing human freedom. -
ICCR Best Practice Guidance on Recruitment of Migrant Workers
Best Practice Guidance on Recruitment of Migrant Workers, brings to light emerging good practice from some well-known multi-national brands. -
ICCR No fees initiative
‘No Fees’ initiative, designed to ensure workers are not forced to pay for employment. -
ILO Conventions and Recommendations
A framework of international labour standards on social minimum standards to ensure a level playing field in the global economy. -
ILO Declaration. Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work
Commits Member States to respect and promote principles and rights in four categories, whether or not they have ratified the relevant Conventions. -
ILO Guidance. International Labour Standards on migrant workers' rights. Asia and the Pacific
ILO International Labour Standards on migrant workers’ rights: Guide for policymakers and practitioners in Asia and the Pacific. -
ILO Handbook. Employers and Business: Combating forced labour
ILO Handbook for Employers and Business: Combating Forced Labour. -
ILO Operational Indicators. Trafficking in human beings
Relating to deceptive and coercive recruitment, abuse of vulnerability, and exploitative conditions of work. -
ILO Programme. Combating the Worst Forms of Child Labour in Shrimp and Seafood Processing Areas in Thailand
The ILO Processing programme aimed to combat the Worst Forms of Child Labour in Shrimp and Seafood Processing Areas in Thailand. -
ILO Programme. Good Labour Practices (GLP)
The ILO Good Labour Practices (GLP) programme addresses child labour and forced labour in the Thai fisheries industry. -
ILO Programme. Indicators of forced labour
The ILO Indicators of forced labour are to help anyone involved in enforcement identify persons possibly trapped in a forced labour situation. -
ILO Recruitment. Fair recruitment general principles and operational guidelines
These are general principles and operational guidelines for fair recruitment. -
ILO Recruitment. Fair Recruitment Initiative
The ILO has launched a global ILO-FAIR to help prevent human trafficking. -
ILO Report. Fishers First - Good practices to end labour exploitation at sea
The Fishers First report focuses on good practices and innovative interventions to improve labour conditions and protect vulnerable workers in the fisheries sector. -
ILO Ship to Shore Rights South East Asia Project
ILO Ship to Shore Rights South East Asia (SEA) project for all migrant workers in the fishing and seafood processing sectors. -
ILO Work in Fishing Convention (2007) C188
To ensure that all fishers have decent conditions of work on board fishing vessels which meet minimum requirements. -
Immigration Act 2016
The Immigration Act will introduce new sanctions on illegal working, prevents illegal migrants accessing services and introduce new measures to enforce immigration laws. -
Institute for Human Rights & Business (IHRB)
The Institute for Human Rights & Business (IHRB) is the leading international think tank on business and human rights. -
Interfaith Center on Corporate Responsibility (ICCR)
A coalition of 300 member organizations comprised of faith communities, socially responsible asset managers and investors, unions, pensions and NGOs. -
International Collective in Support of Fishworkers (ICSF)
An international non-governmental organisation that works towards the establishment of equitable, gender-just, self-reliant and sustainable fisheries. -
International Justice Mission
The International Justice Mission (IJM) is an international, Christian non-governmental organisation focused on human rights, law and law enforcement. -
International Labor Rights Forum (ILRF)
ILRF works with allies and networks around the world to demand dignity and justice for workers. -
International Labour Organization
The International Labour Organization (ILO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations. -
International Organization for Migration (IOM)
IOM is the leading inter-governmental organization in the field of migration, working with governments, intergovernment and non-governmental partners. -
International Transport Workers' Federation (ITF)
The ITF is an international trade union federation of transport workers’ unions. -
INTERPOL
The INTERPOL Global Fisheries Enforcement team assists agencies in member countries to detect, suppress and combat fisheries crime. -
Issara Institute
The Issara Institute is an independent NGO not-for-profit corporation based in Thailand tackling issues of trafficking and forced labour. -
Issara Institute focus on recruitment
As part of its Labour Monitoring (ILM) work the Issara Institute has a strong focus on recruitment. -
ITUC Global Rights Index
The ITUC Global Rights Index provides an insight into workers’ rights violations around the world. -
KnowTheChain
From 2013 to 2015, KnowTheChain sourced information about corporate compliance with SB-657. -
Labor Rights Promotion Network (LPN)
The Labor Rights Promotion Network (LPN) advocate for equality, in the workplace and community, and assist migrants to integrate into Thai society. -
Labor Safe Screen
Labor Safe Screen is a software for companies, so they can identify risks of unsafe labour in the supply chain. -
Leadership Group for Responsible Recruitment
The focus is on promoting ethical recruitment and combating the exploitation of migrant workers in global supply chains across industries. -
Legatum Foundation
The Legatum Foundation has a sector-based approach to granting and to developing a set of origination, due diligence, evaluation and reporting tools. -
Liberty Shared
Liberty Shared aims to prevent human trafficking. -
List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor (ILAB)
ILAB produces a list of goods and their source countries which it has reason to believe are produced by child labour or forced labour. -
Made in a Free World
Made in a Free World have a range of tools to addresses slavery in general and slavery in the seafood sector. -
Marin Trust
The MarinTrust Standard (formerly the IFFO RS Standard) is an initiative of Marine Ingredients Certifications Ltd. -
Marine Stewardship Council
The Marine Stewardship Council is an international non-profit organisation. -
Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA)
The Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) is the UK Government Maritime Authority. -
Migrant Rights Centre Ireland (MRCI)
Migrant Rights Centre Ireland (MRCI) is a national organisation working to promote justice, empowerment and equality for migrants and their families. -
Migrant Worker Management Toolkit
Migrant Worker Management Toolkit: A Global Framework for Managing Workers and Protecting Rights provides guidance on how to better manage migrant worker issues, from managing risks to better protecting migrant workers’ rights. -
Migrant Workers Rights Network
The Migrant Workers Rights Network (MWRN) is a membership based organisation for migrant workers from Myanmar residing and working mainly in Thailand. -
Modern Slavery Act Registry
The UK Home Office has recently launched an online modern slavery statement registry. -
Modern Slavery Index 2017 (MSI)
The Modern Slavery Index 2017 (MSI) assessed the risk to business of exposure to practices of slavery, servitude, trafficking in persons and forced labour. This study was produced by global risk consultancy Verisk Maplecroft. -
Monterey Bay Aquarium
The non-profit Monterey Bay Aquarium (MBA) aims to inspire conservation of the ocean. -
Naturland
Naturland is a German-based organic farming association with standards for organic aquaculture and wild-capture fish. -
NEXUS Institute
The NEXUS Institute is an independent international human rights research and policy centre, dedicated to ending human trafficking as well as other abuses and offenses that intersect with human rights and international criminal law. -
Norwegian requirements for social sustainability in wild caught fisheries
Norwegian Seafood Research Fund (FHF) survey to identify standards for social sustainability. -
One Earth Future
One Earth Future (OEF) Foundation is a non-profit, non-governmental organisation founded in 2007 with a vision of developing effective, multi-stakeholder systems of governance to achieve a world beyond war, or ‘Peace Through Governance’. -
Oxfam International
Oxfam is an international confederation of 20 NGOs working with partners in over 90 countries to end the injustices that cause poverty. -
Oxfam Novib
Oxfam Novib is a world-wide development organisation that mobilises the power of people against poverty. Around the globe, they work to find practical, innovative ways for people to lift themselves out of poverty and thrive. -
PAS 1550:2017 Exercising due diligence in establishing the legal origin of seafood products & marine ingredients
Exercising due diligence in establishing the legal origin of seafood products and marine ingredients – importing and processing – Code of Practice. -
Press articles on ethical issues in seafood supply chains
Various concerns regarding abuses of workers engaged in the seafood industry have steadily attracted more attention from the media. -
Recruitment Advisor
Recruitment Advisor is a new global online platform aiming to prevent migrant workers falling victim to exploitative and rogue recruitment agencies. -
Responsible Business Alliance (RBA)
The Responsible Business Alliance (RBA) is the world’s largest industry coalition for corporate social responsibility in global supply chains. -
Responsible Fishing Vessel Standard (RFVS)
The Responsible Fishing Vessel Standard (RFVS) is a voluntary vessel based programme. -
Responsible Recruitment Toolkit
The Responsible Recruitment Toolkit provides a framework and pragmatic steps to eradicate fee-charging to the worker. -
Roadmap for Improving Seafood Ethics (RISE)
Roadmap for Improving Seafood Ethics (RISE) is a free online platform that consolidates supportive resources and guidance. -
Ropes & Gray consulting
Ropes & Gray is a leading supply chain compliance and corporate social responsibility practice. -
Safety Folder
Thai Union’s Sea Change program is a corporate strategy designed to promote environmental and social sustainability within the company’s supply chains. -
Sea Change program
Thai Union’s Sea Change program is a corporate strategy designed to promote environmental and social sustainability within the company’s supply chains -
SeafarerHelp
SeafarerHelp provides a free, confidential helpline for seafarers and their families around the world. 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. -
Seafish
Seafish is supporting the seafood industry to achieve the ultimate goal of eliminating unethical practices from UK seafood supply chains. -
Seafish assessment of ethical issues in seafood supply chains
Seafish has published various research studies to assess risk and help seafood businesses respond to labour and worker welfare issues -
Seafish briefing notes
There are a number of Seafish briefing notes. -
Seafish Guidance on writing a Modern Slavery Statement
Seafish Guidance on writing a seafood-specific Modern Slavery Statement -
Seafood Ethics Action (SEA) Alliance
The Seafood Ethics Action Alliance provides a platform for businesses to work together to share information on emerging issues and agree solutions. -
Seafood Ethics Common Language Group
Seafish facilitates a Seafood Ethics Common Language Group to establish a common understanding of ethical issues and agree on future action. -
Seafood Slavery Risk Tool (SSRT)
The Seafood Slavery Risk Tool (SSRT) is a web-based risk-assessment tool. -
Seafood Task Force
A coalition who have come together to address issues surrounding labour and illegal fishing in seafood supply chains in the seas around Thailand. -
Sedex Guidance on Operational Practice and Indicators of Forced Labour
Guidance on how to spot the signs of actual, likely or possible cases of forced labour for both auditors and audit readers. -
SFF Code of Practice (voluntary) for employment of non-EEA fishing crew
A voluntary Code of Practice for the employment of Non-European Economic Area (EEA) fishing crew on UK fishing vessels. -
Slave Free Seas
Slave Free Seas is a non-governmental organisation based in Tauranga, New Zealand with a specific focus on slavery at sea. -
Slavery & Trafficking Risk Template (STRT)
A free, open-source industry standard template used to assist companies to comply with human trafficking & modern slavery legislation. -
Social Accountability Guidelines For Purse Seine Tuna Fishing Vessels
Social Accountability Guidelines For Purse Seine Tuna Fishing Vessels involved in its MSC certified sustainable tuna fishery.