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  • Demersal Trawl - Nephrops trawl

    A low demersal trawl towed on the seabed, with the mouth held open by a pair of otter boards (trawl doors) designed to target nephrops.
    Gear

  • Demersal Trawl - Rockhopper trawl

    The rockhopper, or hopper trawl, is a  trawl that is towed on the seabed, with the mouth held open by a pair of otter boards (trawl doors).
    Gear

  • Demersal Trawl - Scraper net

    A long low, demersal trawl towed on the seabed, with the mouth held open by a pair of otter boards (trawl doors).
    Gear

  • Demersal Trawl - Sole Trawl

    A trawl towed on the seabed, with the mouth held open by a pair of otter boards (trawl doors) designed and rigged to target Dover sole.
    Gear

  • DRB - Scallop Dredge

    A scallop dredge is a rigid structure with a chain mail collecting bag, towed on the seabed to target king scallops.
    Gear

  • Drift Nets

    This type of gill net is suspended in the water, usually just below the surface, but can be worked anywhere to target pelagic species.
    Gear

  • Fyke Net

    A fyke net is a type of fish trap and are generally operated in shallow coastal waters, such as estuaries and sheltered bays.
    Gear

  • Gill Nets

    A gill net is a single wall of netting anchored on the seabed to catch fish that swim into it.
    Gear

  • Hand lines

    Fishing using a rod or hand held lines as a commercial venture in a similar manner to recreation angling. 
    Gear

  • Jigging

    Jigging is a method of fishing. Hooks are attached to artificial lures to attract and capture fish.
    Gear

  • LA Ring Net

    A LA Ring Net is a long net that is shot to surround a shoal of pelagic fish with a ‘wall’ of netting.
    Gear

  • Long line

    Long lining can be used to target both pelagic and demersal fish.
    Gear

  • Multi Rig - Quad rig

    A method of towing four otter trawls side by side.
    Gear

  • Multi Rig Trawl - Nephrops triple rig

    In this rig three trawls are towed side by side using four trawl warps.
    Gear

  • Multi Rig Trawl - Sole triple rig

    This is a fishing method used by smaller vessels to target Dover sole. It involves towing three small trawl side by side.
    Gear

  • Out-rig Trawling

    Out-rig trawling is a method of multi rig trawling where two small otter trawls with nets behind, are towed from the ends of outrigger derricks.
    Gear

  • Pair Seine

    In this fishing method a net similar to a demersal trawl is towed by two boats simultaneously.
    Gear

  • Pair Trawl

    In this fishing method a demersal trawl is towed by two boats simultaneously, one towing each side of the trawl.
    Gear

  • Pelagic Pair Trawl

    A trawl towed in mid-water between two vessels to target pelagic fish.
    Gear

  • Pelagic Trawl

    In this fishing method, the trawl is towed in mid-water by a vessel and is designed to catch pelagic fish.
    Gear

  • Pole and Line

    This is a basic rod and line fishery using barbless hooks and live bait.
    Gear

  • Pots and Trap - Nephrops

    Nephrops creels or prawn creels as they are generally called, are of the basic D creel design but lighter than that of a lobster or crab pot.
    Gear

  • Pots and Traps - Brown Crab

    Two main shapes of trap are used to target brown crabs.
    Gear

  • Pots and Traps - Cuttlefish

    Cuttlefish traps are usually larger than most other traps but of lightweight construction.
    Gear

  • Pots and Traps - General

    Pots and traps are generally rigid structures into which fish or shellfish are guided through funnels that make entry easy but escape difficult.
    Gear

  • Pots and Traps - Lobster

    The D shaped creel with two entrances is the favoured trap by many lobster fishermen.
    Gear

  • Pots and Traps - Velvet Crab

    Traps or creels, used for velvet crab are similar to those used for lobster.
    Gear

  • Pots and Traps - Whelks

    Plastic drums with a netting entrance set on the seabed for targeting whelks.
    Gear

  • PS - Purse Seine

    A purse seine is a large net used to surround a shoal of pelagic fish.
    Gear

  • Queen Scallop Dredge

    A dredge used to target queen scallops are wider and higher than a traditional Newhaven scallop dredge.
    Gear

  • SDN - Anchor Seine

    A net shot in the open sea using very long ropes to lay out the net and ropes on the seabed prior to hauling from a boat at anchor.
    Gear

  • Semi-Pelagic Trawl

    A trawl towed on or very close to the seabed with the trawl doors swimming several metres off the seabed. 
    Gear

  • Small Line

    A fishing method is similar to longline fishing but adapted to suit the smaller inshore vessels.
    Gear

  • SSC - Scottish Seine

    In the Scottish seine the gear is shot on the seabed in a rounded triangle shape with very long weighted ropes attached to each end of the net.
    Gear

  • Stake Net

    A net with a long vertical wall of netting held up by a line of strong wooden poles erected upwards from the beach.
    Gear

  • Tangle Nets

    A gill net design where the netting is hung onto the ropes to create a greater amount of slack netting.
    Gear

  • Trammel Nets

    Fishing nets similar to a gill net but are made up of three layers of netting.
    Gear

  • Trolling

    Trolling is a method of fishing where the boat tows a line or lines with one or more hooks with a natural bait or an artificial lure.
    Gear

  • Twin Rig Trawl - Mixed species twin rig

    A fishing method using two trawls side by side to target a mix of bottom living species and demersal round fish.
    Gear

  • Twin Rig Trawl - Nephrops

    A method of towing two otter trawls side by side to target nephrops.
    Gear

  • Twin Rig Trawl - Sole twin rig

    A fishing method used by smaller vessels to target Dover sole. It involves towing two small trawls side by side.
    Gear

  • Wreck Nets

    Wreck nets are types of gill or trammel nets that have been rigged to shoot over wrecks or areas of hard ground on the seabed.
    Gear

  • Types of fishing gear

    Different kinds of gear have evolved to target particular species or groups of species. We have produced guidance on commonly used fishing gear.
    Article

  • Fishing Gear Glossary

    A glossary of equipment and technology.
    Article

  • Selective device

  • 4 Panel Cod-end

    By constructing a 4 panel cod-end, it allows the cod-end to remain more open and increases the flow of water, allowing the fish more space to swim.
    Selective device

  • Acoustic deterrents

    An acoustic deterrent is a device that emits pulses of high frequency sound to deter cetaceans from approaching fishing gear.
    Selective device

  • Amity Net Grid

    The amity net grid is a selective device designed to separate nephrops from fish.
    Selective device

  • Benthic Panel

    A benthic panel is a small panel of square mesh or large diamond mesh inserted in the bottom panel of a trawl.
    Selective device

  • Benthos Release Panel

    A Benthos or Benthic release panel is a panel of larger diamond mesh or square mesh netting fitted into the lower panel of a trawl.
    Selective device

  • Box Trawl

    A selective box trawl is made up of 4 panels of netting with these 4 panels carried right down to a 4 panel cod-end.
    Selective device

  • Cefas Net Grid

    The Cefas Net Grid is a selective device designed to separate nephrops from fish.
    Selective device

  • Coverless Trawls

    A coverless trawl has the top panel of the net cut back so that the headline and footrope are of similar length.
    Selective device

  • Diamond Mesh Size

    Most fishing gear is made of netting with diamond shaped meshes, this gives the gear flexibility and a certain amount of stretch.
    Selective device

  • Eliminator Trawl

    The eliminator trawl is a standard demersal trawl with very large diamond meshes in the wings and forward part of the trawl.
    Selective device

  • Escape Gaps

    Escape gaps are usually flat pieces of rigid plastic with a rectangular hole in that is fitted into pots and traps to release small shellfish
    Selective device

  • F-Cap. (Faithlie Cod Avoidance Panel)

    The F-CAP was developed to release cod from a nephrops trawl.
    Selective device

  • Fish Stimulation

    Fish stimulation being used as a selective device is still a relatively new concept. It is being trialled using a light, sound or electric pulses.
    Selective device

  • Gear Operation

    This is where there is a complete change of fishing gear or the way the fishing gear is operated to change the catch composition.
    Selective device

  • Gear Size

    Reducing the physical size of the whole gear or just part of the gear to reduce unwanted by-catch and be able to handle the gear more efficiently.
    Selective device

  • Headline Height

    A trawl or static net where the gear has been redesigned to keep the headline (top of the net) low to prevent the capture of high swimming species.
    Selective device

  • Inclined Netting Grids

    An inclined netting grid is a panel of netting fitted inside a trawl and set at an angle.
    Selective device

  • Number of Dredges

    In some scallop dredge fisheries the number of dredges used is regulated to ensure fishing effort remains within manageable limits.
    Selective device

  • Off Bottom Trawl

    This is a trawl that, by the way it is rigged and towed, swims clear of the seabed but close enough to target some of the demersal species.
    Selective device

  • Ring Size

    The ring size of scallop dredges can be used as a selectivity measure to release scallops below a certain size.
    Selective device

  • SELTRA Box - Diamond mesh

    The SELTRA box is a four panel extension section with a top panel of either large diamond mesh or large square mesh to encourage small fish to escape.
    Selective device

  • SELTRA Box - Square mesh panel

    The SELTRA box is a four panel extension section with a top panel of either large diamond mesh or large square mesh to encourage small fish to escape.
    Selective device

  • Separator panels

    A separator panel is a horizontal panel of netting designed to divide the trawl into two sections one above the other.
    Selective device

  • Sep-Nep codend

    The Sep-Nep is an inclined panel of diamond netting to sieve the nephrops into the lower chamber and direct the fish into the upper chamber.
    Selective device

  • Sort X grid

    The Sort X grid was developed in Norway as a measure to reduce the numbers of small fish being caught when targeting cod in the Barents Sea.
    Selective device

  • Square Mesh Cod-ends

    This is one of the most effective escape devices available for the release of small undersized round fish.
    Selective device

  • Square Mesh Panels

    The square mesh panel is one of the most common used and well known selective devices.
    Selective device

  • T90 Cod-ends

    In this design the cod-end mesh is turned through 90 degrees into T90 configuration.
    Selective device

  • Towing speed

    In some situations a change in towing speed can dramatically change the composition of the catch.
    Selective device

  • Inclined Separator Panels

    An inclined separator panel separates the catch into the bottom living and the higher swimming species and directs them into two separate cod-ends.
    Selective device

  • Technical Information

  • Bridle Angle and Wing End Spread calculations

    Calculations for the bridle angle of a single trawl and wing end spread using a calculator.
    Technical information

  • Calculating the Spread of Trawl Doors

    Guidance for skippers on calculating the spread of trawl doors.
    Technical information

  • Calculating the Sweep Angle and Wing End Spread of a Single Demersal Trawl

    An easy to use calculation for wing end spread and sweep angle of a single trawl.
    Technical information

  • Flip Up Ropes Construction

    Guidance on the design and construction of a Flip Up Rope for fitting into a demersal otter trawl.
    Technical information

  • Three Warp Twin Rig - Shortening the Centre Warp

    Sheets with figures to advise skippers towing three warp twin rig trawl gear how much to shorten the centre warp by to keep the gear square.
    Technical information

  • Trawl Door Spread

    The distance between the trawl doors is an important piece of information for any trawler skipper to know at all times.
    Technical information

  • Search results

  • Aquaculture - farming seafood

    Aquaculture production is growing in the UK. We’ve collated information on responsible seafood farming and resources for aquaculture businesses.
    Article

  • Species farmed in aquaculture

    We’ve collated information on commonly farmed species of fish and shellfish and how they are classified.
    Article

  • Aquaculture profiles

    Aquaculture profiles

  • Atlantic Halibut

    The Atlantic halibut is a large flatfish that can reach a weight of over 300kg in the wild.
    Aquaculture profile

  • Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods

    Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) Aquaculture Profile - Sources, quantities and cultivation methods.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Governance and Outlook

    Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) Aquaculture Profile - Governance and outlook.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Farm Siting

    Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) Aquaculture Profile - Farm Siting.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Nutrient Pollution

    Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) Aquaculture Profile - Nutrient Pollution.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Feed

    Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) Aquaculture Profile - Feed.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Disease, Medicines and Chemicals

    Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) Aquaculture Profile - Disease, medicines and chemicals.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Escapes and Introductions

    Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) Aquaculture Profile - Escapes and Introductions.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Certification

    Atlantic Halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) Aquaculture Profile - Certification.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Atlantic Salmon

    Atlantic salmon is one of the world’s most iconic farmed aquatic species.
    Aquaculture profile

  • Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods

    Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Aquaculture Profile - Sources, quantities and cultivation methods.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Governance and Outlook

    Atlantic Salmon – (Salmon salar) Aquaculture Profile - Governance and Outlook.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Farm Siting

    Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Aquaculture Profile - Farm Siting.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Nutrient Pollution

    Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Aquaculture Profile - Nutrient Pollution.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Feed

    Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Aquaculture Profile - Feed.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Disease, Medicines and Chemicals

    Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Aquaculture Profile - Disease, medicines and chemicals.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Escapes and Introductions

    Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Aquaculture Profile - Escapes and Introductions.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Certification

    Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Aquaculture Profile - Certification.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • White Leg Prawn

    White Leg Prawns (widely known as "vannamei") are native to the warm marine waters of the Eastern Pacific.
    Aquaculture profile

  • Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods

    White Leg Prawn (Litopenaeus vannamei) Aquaculture Profile - Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Governance and Outlook

    White Leg Prawn (Litopenaeus vannamei) Aquaculture Profile - Governance and Outlook.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Farm Siting

    White Leg Prawn (Litopenaeus vannamei) Aquaculture Profile - Farm Siting.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Nutrient Pollution

    White Leg Prawn (Litopenaeus vannamei) Aquaculture Profile - Nutrient Pollution.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Feed

    White Leg Prawn (Litopenaeus vannamei) Aquaculture Profile - Feed.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Disease, Medicines and Chemicals

    White Leg Prawn (Litopenaeus vannamei) Aquaculture Profile - Disease, Medicines and Chemicals.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Escapes and Introductions

    White Leg Prawn (Litopenaeus vannamei) Aquaculture Profile - Escapes and Introductions.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Certification

    White Leg Prawn (Litopenaeus vannamei) Aquaculture Profile - Certification.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • European Sea Bass

    The European sea bass aquaculture industry has grown strongly since the early 1990s and represents one of the most important farmed species.
    Aquaculture profile

  • Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods

    European Sea Bass (Dicentrachus labrax) Aquaculture Profile - Sources, quantities and cultivation methods.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Governance and Outlook

    European Sea Bass (Dicentrachus labrax) Aquaculture Profile - Governance and Outlook.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Farm Siting

    European Sea Bass (Dicentrachus labrax) Aquaculture Profile - Farm Siting.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Nutrient Pollution

    European Sea Bass (Dicentrachus labrax) Aquaculture Profile - Nutrient Pollution.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Feed

    European Sea Bass (Dicentrachus labrax) Aquaculture Profile - Feed.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Disease, Medicines and Chemicals

    European Sea Bass (Dicentrachus labrax) Aquaculture Profile - Disease, medicines and chemicals.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Escapes and Introductions

    European Sea Bass (Dicentrachus labrax) Aquaculture Profile - Escapes and Introductions.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Certification

    European Sea Bass (Dicentrachus labrax) Aquaculture Profile - Certification.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Gilthead Sea Bream

    The Gilthead sea bream aquaculture industry represents one of the most important farmed species in the Mediterranean.
    Aquaculture profile

  • Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods

    Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Aquaculture Profile - Sources, quantities and cultivation methods.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Governance and Outlook

    Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Aquaculture Profile - Governance and Outlook.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Farm Siting

    Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Aquaculture Profile - Farm Siting.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Nutrient Pollution

    Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Aquaculture Profile - Nutrient Pollution.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Feed

    Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Aquaculture Profile - Feed.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Disease, Medicines and Chemicals

    Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Aquaculture Profile - Disease, medicines and chemicals.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Escapes and Introductions

    Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Aquaculture Profile - Escapes and Introductions.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Certification

    Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Aquaculture Profile - Certification.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Mussels

    Mussel farming extends across temperate and tropical regions in inshore environments, as well as in deeper, offshore waters.
    Aquaculture profile

  • Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods

    Mussels Aquaculture Profile - Sources, quantities and cultivation methods.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Governance and Outlook

    Mussels Aquaculture Profile - Governance and Outlook.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Farm Siting

    Mussels Aquaculture Profile - Farm Siting.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Water Quality

    Mussels Aquaculture Profile - Water Quality.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Wild Seed

    Mussels Aquaculture Profile - Wild Seed.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Certification

    Mussels Aquaculture Profile - Certification.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Turbot

    Turbot is a fast-growing flatfish found naturally in the Northeast Atlantic and the Mediterranean.
    Aquaculture profile

  • Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods

    Turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture Profile - Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Governance and Outlook

    Turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture Profile - Governance and Outlook.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Farm Siting

    Turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture Profile - Farm Siting.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Nutrient Pollution

    Turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture Profile - Nutrient Pollution.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Feed

    Turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture Profile - Disease, Medicines and Chemicals.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Disease, Medicines and Chemicals

    Turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture Profile - Disease, Medicines and Chemicals.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Escapes and Introductions

    Turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture Profile - Escapes and Introductions.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Certification

    Turbot (Psetta maxima) Aquaculture Profile - Certification.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Oysters

    Oyster farming extends across many countries of the world. The adaptability of oysters makes them a good aquaculture species.
    Aquaculture profile

  • Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods

    Oysters Aquaculture Profile - Sources, quantities and cultivation methods.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Governance and Outlook

    Oysters Aquaculture Profile - Governance and Outlook.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Farm Siting

    Oysters Aquaculture Profiles - Farm Siting.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Water Quality

    Oysters Aquaculture Profile - Water Quality.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Escapes and Introductions

    Oysters Aquaculture Profile - Escapes and Introductions.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Certification

    Oysters Aquaculture Profile - Certification.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Tilapia

    Tilapias are a group of warm-water fish species with the second largest share of global aquaculture production after carps.
    Aquaculture profile

  • Sources, Quantities and Cultivation Methods

    Tilapia (Oreochromis / Sarotherodon / Tilapia spp.) Aquaculture Profile - Sources, quantities and cultivation methods.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Governance and Outlook

    Tilapia (Oreochromis / Sarotherodon / Tilapia spp.) Aquaculture Profile - Governance and Outlook.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Farm Siting

    Tilapia (Oreochromis / Sarotherodon / Tilapia spp.) Aquaculture Profile - Farm Siting.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Nutrient Pollution

    Tilapia (Oreochromis / Sarotherodon / Tilapia spp.) Aquaculture Profile - Nutrient Pollution.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Feed

    Tilapia (Oreochromis / Sarotherodon / Tilapia spp.) Aquaculture Profile - Feed.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Disease, Medicines and Chemicals

    Tilapia (Oreochromis / Sarotherodon / Tilapia spp.) Aquaculture Profile - Disease, medicines and chemicals.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Escapes and Introductions

    Tilapia (Oreochromis / Sarotherodon / Tilapia spp.) Aquaculture Profile - Escapes and Introductions.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Certification

    Tilapia (Oreochromis / Sarotherodon / Tilapia spp.) Aquaculture Profile - Certification.
    Aquaculture profile section

  • Tiger Prawn

    Tiger Prawns (widely known as "monodon") are native to the warm marine waters of Australia, South and SE Asia, and East Africa.
    Aquaculture profile